1. "No man is allowed to be a judge in his own cause, because his interest would certainly bias his judgment, and, not improbably, corrupt his integrity. With equal, nay with greater reason, a body of men are unfit to be both judges and parties at the same time; yet what are many of the most important acts of legislation, but so many judicial determinations, not indeed concerning the rights of single persons, but concerning the rights of large bodies of citizens? And what are the different classes of legislators but advocates and parties to the causes which they determine?"
2. "In the first place, it is to be remarked that, however small the republic may be, the representatives must be raised to a certain number, in order to guard against the cabals of a few; and that, however large it may be, they must be limited to a certain number, in order to guard against the confusion of a multitude. Hence, the number of representatives in the two cases not being in proportion to that of the two constituents, and being proportionally greater in the small republic, it follows that, if the proportion of fit characters be not less in the large than in the small republic, the former will present a greater option, and consequently a greater probability of a fit choice."
The Federalist No. 51
1. "But the great security against a gradual concentration of the several powers in the same department, consists in giving to those who administer each department the necessary constitutional means and personal motives to resist encroachments of the others. The provision for defense must in this, as in all other cases, be made commensurate to the danger of attack. Ambition must be made to counteract ambition. The interest of the man must be connected with the constitutional rights of the place. It may be a reflection on human nature, that such devices should be necessary to control the abuses of government. But what is government itself, but the greatest of all reflections on human nature? If men were angels, no government would be necessary. If angels were to govern men, neither external nor internal controls on government would be necessary."
2. "But it is not possible to give to each department an equal power of self-defense. In republican government, the legislative authority necessarily predominates. The remedy for this inconveniency is to divide the legislature into different branches; and to render them, by different modes of election and different principles of action, as little connected with each other as the nature of their common functions and their common dependence on the society will admit."
The American form of government works due to its ability to cater to the masses and the states while maintaining order through the three branches. Because America is a democracy, members of society are allowed to vote for their representatives in the House of Representatives, their Senators, and the President. However, they are not individually represented when it comes to proposing/ passing laws, bills, making decisions about wars, and other major national events, allowing the government to have a higher up power, and avoid chaos caused by multiples upon multiples of opinions (Article 10 quote 2). However, by having the three branches of government that check and balance each other, one person or group is unable to gain control of the government and work for their own personal gain (Article 10/ 51 quotes 1). The government also caters to the states by making the legislative branch split between the House of Representatives and the Senate and electoral votes to please both bigger and smaller states (# 51 quote 2). The way the Constitution was wrote also provides a strong federal government while allowing states freedom in establishing laws that are not directly mentioned in the Constitution.
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